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#### 9.31.3 Nios II Machine Relocations

`%hiadj(expression)`

  Extract the upper 16 bits of expression and add one if the 15th bit is set.

  The value of `%hiadj(expression)` is:

      ((expression >> 16) & 0xffff) + ((expression >> 15) & 0x01)

  The `%hiadj` relocation is intended to be used with the `addi`, `ld` or `st` instructions along with a `%lo`, in order to load a 32-bit constant.

      movhi r2, %hiadj(symbol)
      addi r2, r2, %lo(symbol)

`%hi(expression)`

  Extract the upper 16 bits of expression.

`%lo(expression)`

  Extract the lower 16 bits of expression.

`%gprel(expression)`

  Subtract the value of the symbol `_gp` from expression.

  The intention of the `%gprel` relocation is to have a fast small area of memory which only takes a 16-bit immediate to access.

      	.section .sdata
      fastint:
      	.int 123
      	.section .text
      	ldw r4, %gprel(fastint)(gp)

`%call(expression)`
`%call_lo(expression)`
`%call_hiadj(expression)`
`%got(expression)`
`%got_lo(expression)`
`%got_hiadj(expression)`
`%gotoff(expression)`
`%gotoff_lo(expression)`
`%gotoff_hiadj(expression)`
`%tls_gd(expression)`
`%tls_ie(expression)`
`%tls_le(expression)`
`%tls_ldm(expression)`
`%tls_ldo(expression)`

  These relocations support the ABI for Linux Systems documented in the Nios II Processor Reference Handbook.